Many will agree that our vision is one of the most important senses to maintain. If there is a new development of cloudiness in your eye, it can be a bit worrisome with the fear of cataracts or glaucoma, both of which can be detrimental to the vision. But before you begin to worry, it is important to note a very common presentation that comes with age called arcus senilis.
What exactly is arcus senilis?
Arcus senilis is a white, gray or blue cloudy arc that begins to form around the outer edge of the cornea. When it begins to form, it usually forms separately, at the top and bottom of the cornea. Over time the two arcs may connect and form a cloudy ring that can be seen over the iris (the colored part of the eye). The cloudiness does not impair the vision in any way and has no other symptoms.
The cloudiness is caused by blood vessels in the eye that begin to release fat (lipid) deposits in the outer cornea. Lipids can enter the bloodstream through the foods we eat, such as meat and dairy products. As we age, our blood vessels enlarge and allow cholesterol and fat to leak out. Arcus senilis is a symptom of aging and affects about 60% of adults from the ages 50 to 60. After the age of 80, nearly 100% of adults will develop arcus senilis. It is also most common in men and in African Americans.
Although it is common and harmless, if it begins to develop in adults under the age of 45 it may be an indication of high cholesterol and high triglycerides which could be associated with an increased risk of heart disease, so it is best to consult a physician.
Arcus senilis vs cataracts
Cataracts are also a cloudy formation in the eye, but unlike arcus senilis, a cataract prevents light from passing through the eye and causes loss of vision.
How is arcus senilis diagnosed?
To diagnose, an ophthalmologist will examine the eye with a microscope called the slit lamp. After diagnosis, there is no treatment necessary as it does not impede on the vision.
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By: Ashley Valdez
Senior Care Advising Intern at WellPath Partners
Health Care Administration Student at California State University, Long Beach
