The MacArthur Study of Successful Aging was initiated by physician Jack Rowe, psychologist Robert Kahn, and a team of 16 scientists in the mid-1980s. At that time, concerns about disease, disability, and the aging process were widespread. The study was conducted to present aging in a more positive light by focusing on the potential for successful aging. The study identifies three key criteria for successful aging: freedom from disease and disability, high cognitive and physical functioning, and active engagement with life.
Freedom from Disease and Disability Achieving freedom from disease and disability is essential for successful aging. This can be accomplished through:
- Regular doctor visits for check-ups, flu shots, or managing chronic pain.
- Staying active by exercising to maintain overall health.
- Making healthy dietary choices to ensure proper nutrition.
- Ensuring adequate rest, with 7-8 hours of sleep recommended each night.
High Cognitive and Physical Functioning Maintaining high levels of cognitive and physical functioning is another essential criterion for successful aging. This can be fostered by:
- Engaging in mentally stimulating activities like problem-solving and memory games, including those available through technology.
- Working part-time or volunteering to continue using skillsets and staying engaged.
- Staying positive and connected with personal beliefs.
Active Engagement with Life The third criterion involves actively engaging with life. Older adults can achieve this by:
- Maintaining strong social relationships through regular contact with friends and making new ones.
- Traveling to stimulate and enjoy the mind.
- Laughing and enjoying moments with family and friends.
- Learning new skills or participating in group-based activities.
While these criteria offer guidance on successful aging, the study emphasizes that each individual’s values and priorities may differ. Successful aging is about living a life that holds personal meaning for the older adult, based on what they find important and fulfilling. Ultimately, the study encourages a healthy, engaged lifestyle that brings seniors a sense of purpose and fulfillment in their later years.
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By: Shirlynn Cheam
Senior Care Advising Intern at WellPath Partners
Health Care Administration Student, California State University, Long Beach
